Author(s) :

Patrice Mulamba Mulamba, José Justin Mayi Munene Mbimbi, John Makiadi Tembenyi, Victor Kiamfu Pwema.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

The Lutshuadi River, a tributary of the Kasai River in the Congo Basin, constitutes an aquatic ecosystem subject to anthropogenic pressures that can influence fish diversity and habitat quality. This study aimed to analyze fish diversity, the influence of environmental factors, and the effects of anthropogenic disturbances on fish communities. Sampling was carried out between 2024 and 2025 at six stations representing disturbed areas and conserved forest habitats. Fish were captured during the dry and rainy seasons using artisanal fishing techniques, while physicochemical and hydromorphological parameters were measured in situ. A total of 3,678 specimens belonging to 145 species, 52 genera, 25 families, and 11 orders were recorded. Characiformes (31 species, 21%) were the most represented family, while cyprinids constituted the most diverse family (27 species, 18–6%). Species richness ranged from 98 to 129 species, with the highest values found at the best-preserved sites. The Shannon-Weaver index (4.39–4.73) and Pielou's evenness index (0.96–0.98) indicate high diversity and a balanced distribution of species. Abundances differed significantly between sites (ANOVA, F = 3.84; p < 0.05), with Bashua exhibiting the highest abundances. The waters were characterized by high temperatures, acidic pH, and low conductivity, with significant spatial and seasonal variations. Fifteen types of human activity were identified, with the highest intensity at Nsangilu. The Lutshuadi River boasts significant fish diversity, fostered by its varied habitats, but threatened by human pressures, highlighting the need for conservation measures and sustainable management.

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