Author(s) :

Edmond Phanzu Tsasa, Bienvenu Kamalandua Mvingu, Obed Nsemi Kanga, Lumière Kembisa Nkutu, Yvonne Saila Bomangwa Ibebeke, Jean Sungula Kayembe, Jean-Noël Kanyinda Mputu.

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Abstract :

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a widely consumed food and medicinal plant known for its numerous biological and therapeutic properties. The present study aimed to evaluate the phenolic composition, antioxidant activity, and α-amylase inhibitory activity of garlic extracts cultivated in different regions of the Democratic Republic of Congo. Five garlic samples collected from Bukavu, Goma (two samples), Butembo, and Kinshasa were used in this study. Aqueous and methanolic extracts were obtained by maceration of dried garlic clove powder. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of several classes of secondary metabolites, including phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tannins. Total phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, while antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The α-amylase inhibitory activity was evaluated using a colorimetric method based on the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid reagent. The results demonstrated that garlic extracts exhibited significant antioxidant activity as well as notable inhibition of α-amylase. These biological properties may be attributed to the presence of phenolic compounds and other bioactive constituents in garlic. The findings highlight the potential of garlic varieties cultivated in the Democratic Republic of Congo as a natural source of bioactive compounds that could contribute to the prevention of oxidative stress and the management of type 2 diabetes.

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