Author(s) :

Pascal Masawula Kazwenga, Cush Luwesi Ngonzo, Yvonne Bomangwa Ibebeke, Jean Shikayi Kalume, Danny Kinakina Kianawa, Richard Sabimana Gasigwa, Yves Aseke Lukuke, Emmanuel Okenda Djamba.

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Abstract :

An equitable and universal access to safe and affordable drinking water is a ‘human right’ that can help achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) by 2030. In this study, Principal component analysis (PCA), Hierarchical ascending classification (HAC) and multiple correspondence factor analysis (MFA) were used to assess water quality. The PCA applied to the results of the physicochemical analyses transformed the physico-chemical parameters into new uncorrelated variables. After projecting the samples on the factorial plane defined by PC1 and PC2, the water supply sources were characterized according to their properties, saline and hard. The HAC grouped the water sources based on their similarity in salinity and hardness, which allowed for an understanding of the similarities and differences between these waters. The MCFA has identified drinking water sources whose values are or are not close to the WHO guidelines from a bacteriological point of view. We can conclude that the fresh water consumed by the populations of the Mbanza-Ngungu health zone does not present any particular pollution. They are hard or saline because of the geochemistry of the soil. We recommend the treatment of alternative water and the development of wells and springs to avoid contamination with the excrement of warm-blooded animals.

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